The Cuban Missile Crisis preserved the Cuban Revolution from rollback by the United States but Fidel Castro became increasingly independent of Soviet influence afterwards, most notably during the 1975 Cuban intervention in Angola. The Sino–Soviet split gave North Korea and North Vietnam more independence from both and facilitated the Albanian–Soviet split. This speech was a factor in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, which the Soviet Union suppressed.
The break-up of the Eastern Bloc is often attributed to Nikita Khrushchev's anti-Stalinist speech On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences in 1956. In Europe, anti-Soviet sentiment provoked the East German uprising of 1953. After Stalin's death in 1953, the Korean War ceased with the 1954 Geneva Conference. Soviet control of the Eastern Bloc was first tested by the 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état and the Tito–Stalin split over the direction of the People's Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Chinese Communist Revolution (1949) and Chinese participation in the Korean War. 17.2 List of surviving Eastern Bloc states.15.3 Prague Spring and the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia.14.2.1 Transformations billed as reforms.10 Emigration restrictions and defectors.6 Early events prompting stricter control.4.2 Eastern Front and Allied conferences.4.1 Expansion of the Soviet Union from 1939 to 1940.
In the Americas the countries aligned with the Soviet Union included Cuba since 1961 and for limited periods Nicaragua and Grenada. In Asia, the Soviet Bloc comprised the Mongolian People's Republic, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the People's Republic of Kampuchea, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the People's Republic of China. In Western Europe, the term Eastern Bloc generally referred to the USSR and its satellite states in the Comecon ( East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania ). The Eastern Bloc was often called the Second World, whereas the term "First World" referred to the Western Bloc and "Third World" referred to the non-aligned countries that were mainly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc, the Socialist Bloc and the Soviet Bloc, was the group of socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe, East Asia, and Southeast Asia under the influence of the Soviet Union and its ideology ( communism) that existed during the Cold War (1947–1991) in opposition to the capitalist Western Bloc.
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